Gyratory cone crusher



E. B. SYMONS GYRATORY GONE CRUSHER .Aug l, 1933.

Filed Oct. 20. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l F m 0 /C W r n o e5 v NN n. N E \hbWN vg w m N mf mm. um@ .N ml m. mw n@ ww www NN @wv/WHY QU Thum@ NN wlwwx b www .www V m WU wlw U mgm@ www.. W m. m. f QQ \\N\ www wmM f wwwSNI WQ WQ m Q wv www ww U Q m .QW Q NU MU o WQ ww. *N WU TVQ m. n NNN.N5 N NPN NN wvwm wk# 96%@ EN NNN \\\N\| M 1mm.. NNN.. PNN n. mmrw Aug.l, 1933. E. B. sYMoNs GYRATORY GONE CRUSHER Filed 001;. 20. 1950 5Sheets-Sheet 2 llg- 1, 1933-'` E. B. sYMoNs I GYRATORY GONE CRUSH-ERFiled Oct. 20. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 D 7% LMU m W5, @of d d j@ PatentedAug. l, 1933 unirsi) STATES 1,920,488 GYRATORY CQNE CRUSHER Edgar B.Symons, Hollywood, Calif., assignor to Nordberg Manufacturing Company,Milwaukee, Wis., a Corporation of Wisconsin Application October 20,

l2 Claims.

My invention relates to improvements in gyratory cone crushers and hasfor one object the provision of a crusher particularly adapted for finereduction. Another object is the provision of improved means for holdingthe crushing mantle in position upon the head. Another object is theprovision of improved feed means. Other objects will appear from time totime in the course of the specification and claims.

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in theaccompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a vertical section;

Figure 2 is a top plan View of feed hopper and supporting means;

Figure 3 is a side elevation of parts shown in Figure 2 with partsbroken away;V

Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Figure 3; l m

Figure 5 is a detail of rack and pinion for making adjustments of feedhopper;

Figure 6 is a top plan View of a feed distributing plate;

Figure 7 is a section along the line 7-7 of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a detail of securing means for feed plate.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specificationand drawings.

Referring to the drawings, A generally indicates any suitable base orfoundation upon which the crusher may be mounted. A1 indicates an outermain frame member laterally extending as at Az to provide an adequatesupporting surface. The frame member A1 extends laterally at its upperedge to form the convex ring or seat A3 with its tapered sides A'1 A5.A0 are radial supporting members which support the main bearing sleeveA7 with its upper housing or gear box extension A8 and its lateral drivehousing extension A9.

B is a drive shaft upon the outer end of which is mounted the drivepulley B1. The shaft B rotates in any suitable bearings B2 in theremovable bearing supporting sleeve B3. .B1 is 'a beveled pinion in meshwith the gear B5 at the upper end of the eccentrically apertured sleeveB6. B1 is an anti-frictional lining of babbitt or the like positionedbetween the interior of the sleeve A'1 and the exterior of the memberB0. A similar anti-frictional babbitt B8 is positioned within theeccentric aperture B9 of the sleeve B0.

Positioned within the aperture B0 is the shaft C downwardly tapered, asshown in Figure 1,

1930. Serial No. 489,734`

to conform to the taper of the aperture B0. It includes a generallycylindrical upper portion C1 of somewhat greater diameter, upon which ismounted the inner head mem'ber C2, which includes a lower sphericalconvex bearing surface C3 resting upon the concave spherical bearingmember C1 upon the gear box cover C5. The outer surface of the-headmember C2 is generally conic as at C6 and terminates in a downwardlyapron C1 of generally cylindrical form. C8 C9 indicate circumferentialflanges formed upon the interior of the head member C2, havingrespectively the spherical bearing surfaces C10 and C11 opposed to thewiping members C12 C13 which may form part of the unitary wipingstructure C11 upwardly thrust as by the spring C15 against the bearingsurfaces C10 C11.

Mounted upon the exterior conic surface C6 of the inner head member C2is the generally conic mantle, generally indicated as D. It has an innerconic surface D1 opposed to the conic surface C0, and inwardlyprojecting lugs D2 adapted to penetrate any suitable apertures in thehead `member C2 to prevent relative rotation of the mantle and headmember. The outer crushing `face of the mantle D includes a generallyconic portion D3 which merges with an inwardly inclined or reducedportion D4. The lower edge of the mantle D conforms as at D5 to thecylindrical outer surface of the apron C7. The upper edge of the face D4of the mantle is bounded or limited by a generally horizontal top faceD6 which is broken by an inward ledge DI in which seats a securing andfeed distributing plate D0. This plate D11 may be secured to the top C1of the gyratory shaft C, as by the bolts or screws D9 having heads D10.D11 indicates a securing plate apertured about its periphery, as at D12,to conform to the non-circular shape of the screw heads D10, therotation of which and the lqosening of the screws and the plate DB beingthereby prevented. The locking plate D11 is held in posi tion as by thepin D14 and the locking member D13 thereupon.

The concave `or bowl structure, which is opposed to the mantle D, issupported in the following manner: E generally indicatesa ring recessedas at E1 in general conformitywith the flange A3 upon the frame A1. "Thering E is normally held seated upon said flange as by the coil springsE2, the annular abutment E3 and the compression members E*1 which passupwardly through the fiange A3' and the ring E and are opposite endsbelow the abutment E3.

Positioned within 'the ring E is the bowl supporting member, generallyindicated as G. It includes the outer end generally cylindrical portionG1 which is exteriorly screwthreaded as at G2 to maintain a-screwthreaded relationship with the ,opposed threads G3 upon the ringE. G4 is ,the bowl proper, herein shown as formed integrally with themember G1 and further connected therewith as by the webs G5. G1i is abowl liner having an exterior generally conic face G7 conforming to theinterior face of the bowl G4. The bowl G4 is cut away or apertured as atG8, such apertures being formed to receive the hook shaped lugs G9 ofthe liner G6. G11 are U-bolts employed to securefeed lugs G9 and drawnup as by the nuts G11 against any suitable abutments G12. Note that theinner crushing surface G13 of the liner Gfi is throughout the greaterpart of its length parallel with, or only at a slight angle in relationto the opposed crushing surface of the mantle D. It may be somewhatoutwardly flared, as at G14, in order to increase the diameter of theupper portion of the crushing zone dened -by the opposed reduced oroutwardly inclined portion D4 of the mantle D.

Mounted in any suitable fashion upon the ring E are the upwardlyextending supports H, upwardly screw-threaded as at H1 to receivesupporting nuts H2 upon which ride supports H3`for the transverse framestructure H4. Mounted in such frame structure is a hopper H5 terminatingin a chute H6 preferably fixed in relation to the hopper. telescopicadjustable chute member H7, herein shown as exterior tothe chute H6. Itmay include the upwardly extending 'slide H9 with which is associated arack H10 in mesh with a pinion H11 mounted upon the transversesupporting frame H4. It will be understood that rotation of the pinionH11, as by any suitable handle H12, will raise or lower the movablechute portion H7 and thus adjust the height of the chute in relation tothe top plate Ds of the head. The chute member H1 is locked in positionby means of the bolt H13 and set screws H14 H14..

J indicates a cylindrical housing or guard positioned upon the upperedge of the bowl member G4, and serving to limit and direct the flow ofthe material fed and to prevent its escape to the rear of the bowl.

A number of the details of the device herein shown, including theadjustments for the bowl and the oiling system, are not shown in detailherein or described since they do not of themselves form part of thepresent invention.

It will be realized that whereas I have described and shown a practicaland operative device, that nevertheless many changes may be made insize, shape, numbercand distribution of parts without departing from thespirit and scope of my present invention. I therefore wish my drawingsand description to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative ordiagrammatic rather than as limiting me to my precise showing herein.

In connection with the description of the head and the phraseology ofthe claims, the head broadly includes the inner head member, the upperportion of the shaft upon which said inner head member is mounted, themantle or effective crushing member which is mounted upon the inner headmember, Vand the plate which serves the double function of receiving thefeed and of The chute is provided with a lower headed as at E5 withsecuring nuts EG at their holding the mantle in place. Similarly thesurrounding bowl or concave broadly includes the outer bowl member andthe bow shaped liner or effective crushing member which is mountedthereon.

In the claims it is stated that the head is provided with a generallyflat top or a flat top portion. It will be understood, of course, thatthis language will not limit the application specifically to a fiat top,as all that is necessary is that the peripheral portion of the top besuiciently fiattened to serve as a receiving member for the material tobe crushed, from which it will move into the crushing cavity. As isclear from Figures I and 7 the flatness of the top is broken by themember D11 with the bolt heads D10 and also by the member D13. Sincethese upward projections are positioned inwardly of the periphery oredge of the top of the cone they do not interfere with the operation ofthe device and it will be understood that an undisturbed movement fromabout the edge of the top of the head is an important function of thetop of the head, which function is not interfered with by partsprojecting upwardly from the top of the head at a distance inwardly ofthe edge sufficiently great to permit free escape of material over theedge.

In the claims is employed the statement that the generally at top of thehead lies generally Within the 'plane of the upper edge of the effectivecrushing portion of the bowl. It is important that the top of the headbe approximately at the top of the crushing member but some slightvariation in either way does not interfere with the operation of thedevice. In fact, as shown in Figure 1, the edge D61 on the crushing sideis shown just about at the plane of the upper edge of the effectivecrushing portion of the bowl, but

the corresponding edge portion D on the dis-4 charge or right hand sideof the cone or head as shown in Figure l is somewhat belowthe plane ofthe upper edge of the bowl liner. It willbe understood that somevariation in either direction is of little importance.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows: y

In my gyratory'crusher I employ a relatively steep cone, the angle ofwhich is preferably greater than the angle of the proposed materialdelivered thereto, the crushing surface being defined by the mantle Dand by the opposed bowl liner G6. The bowl or bowl liner forms adownwardly and outwardly inclined concave overhanging the cone or head.The parts' are so proportioned that the head has a lateral travel uponits spherical bearing C3 very large in relation to the distanceseparating the opposed crushing surfaces at their moment of closestapproach. In use, the crushing space between bowl and head has a crosssection materially greater than that of .the stream of material passingthrough and the head is withdrawn from the bowl, even after crushingimpact for such a distance and at such a speed and at such an angle asto leave the material just crushed unsupported so that it drops freelyby gravity downwardly away from the surface of the overhanging bowl to alower portion of the cone.

The presentncrusher is primarily intended as a ne reduction crusher. Theopposed crushing surface of the bowl and'head, namely of the liner for.the bowl and of the mantle for the head, may be made parallelsubstantially from top to bottom or throughout va substantial proportionof the area, fromthe bottom up. `As shown in Fisure 1, they are flaredapart at the upper part of the crushing zone, but from a crushing zoneof relative small cross section in relation to the correspondingcrushing zone of gyratory cone crushers adapted for coarse crushing.Through any suitable feeding means a relatively restricted volume ofalready flnely divided material may be fed to the crushing zone, forexample material of say three-quarters of an inch may be fed and isbroken up'v by repeated impacts of head against bowl, the material beingreduced by successive crushing strokes, each terminating in a very closeapproach of head to bowl. Owing to the spherical mounting of the head,which gives the head the effect, in action, as if it Were suspended at apoint where an apex above the top of the head, the actual carryingstroke of the head, increases progressively from top to bottom of thecrushing zone. The material is nely reduced by the successive impacts,and may pack into'clods or flakes of ne particles. As these flakes arereleased, after each crushing impact, they may drop upon the cone andare broken up and again recrushed. The repeated packing, breaking andff'repacking or flaking results in a maximum grinding or crushing ofparticle against particle and the end product may be practically ofpowder flneness. Owing to the spring release the head or cone and thebowl may be set to contact practically from top to bottom and may be setto an extremely close approach, if desired.

In supplying the feed I may employ the plate Da as a species ofdistribution plate upon which is piled through the hopper H5 and thechute H6 and I-I7 the material to be crushed. By adjusting the verticalheight of the chute I-I7 in relation to the plate DB, the volume of feedmay be controlled. Also adjustments to conform to the wear of theopposed bowl liner and cone mantle may similarly be made.- Also thesupporting frame H4 may be vertically adjusted as a unit, as by rotationof the nuts H2.

Referring for example to Figure 1, it will be seen that the feed plateD8 is positioned substantially below the center of the sphere dened bythe opposed bearing' members C3 and C4. 'Ihis positioning of the feedplate permits or causes the material being crushed to be fed to thecrushing zone at a level adjacent the top of the crushing zone. Thus thematerial begins its free fall through the crushing zone at the top ofthe zone, and the acceleration of the fallen particles is insufficientto carry them far down into the crushing zone before they are caught bythe first crushing nip. If they were dropped from a level substantiallyabove the top of the crushing zone, the gravital acceleration would inmany cases be sufficient to carry the material far down into thecrushing 'zone before the first nip. 'Ihe result would be a lessening ofthe number of nips to which each particle is subjected, and a packing orconcentration of the particles in the lower portion of the crushingzone.

Another advantage of the position in whichthe plate D8 is shown rests ina tendency of the material fed to it to moveV outwardly toward thecrushing zone in response to the normal gyration 'of the head. There isno tendency of the material to build up on the plate or to move in adirection opposite to the direction of movement of the head, as is thecase when the feed plate is positioned above the. center of the spheredefined bylthe bearing C3.

I claim:

1. In a gyratory crusher, a normally xed bowl,

a crushing portion therefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, and astationary bearing beneath the head adapted to form the support for thehead, means for moving the crusher head on the bearing, the bearingbeing spherically concaved from a center above the top of the crusherhead to cause the movements of the crusher head to resemble themovements it would have if pivotally suspended at such point, said headbeing provided with an extended and generally flat top lying generallyin the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushing portion of saidbowl, and means for feeding material to the top of said head, and forconfining such feed to said top.

2. In a gyratory crusher, a normally fixed bowl, a crushing portiontherefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, means for supporting saidhead and means for moving said head in a circular direction to cause theaxis of the crusher head to describe a cone with its apex above the topof the crusher head, said head being provided with a generally flat toplying generally in the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushingportion of said bowl, and means for directing substantially the entirevolume of feed directly to the top of said head.

3. In a gyratory crusher, a normally fixed bowl, a crushing portiontherefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, means for supporting saidhead and means for moving said head in a circular direction to cause theaxis of the crusher head to describe a cone with its apex above the topof the crusher head, said head being provided with a generally flat toplying generally in the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushingportion of said bowl, and means for directing substantially the entirevolume of feed directly to the top of said head, including a chutealigned with said top.

4. In a gyratory crusher, a normally fixed bowl, a crushing portiontherefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, means for supporting saidhead and means for moving said head in a circular direction to cause theaxis of the crusher head to describe a cone with its apex above the topof the crusher head, said head being provided with a generally flat toplying generally in the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushingportion of said bowl, and means for directing substantially the entirevolume of feed directly to the top of saidhead, including a chutealigned with said top, and means for adjusting said chute vertically inrelation to the top of the head.

5. In a gyratory crusher, a normally xed bowl, a crushing portiontherefor, an upwardly conic crusher head and means for gyrating it, saidhead being provided with a generally at top, and

means for directing substantially the entire volume of feed directly tothe top of said head, including a chute aligned with said top andvertically adjustable in relation thereto, the feed receiving top of thehead being positioned in substantially the plane of the top of theeffective crushing portion of said bowl.

6. In a gyratory crusher, an upwardly conic crushing head and means forgyrating it, anda bowl surrounding said head, a crushing portiontherefor, said head having a generally conic side face, a mantle mountedupon said conic side face, and means for holding said mantle in positionupon said head, including a plate overlying a portion of the upper edgeof said mantle and lying generally within the plane of the upper edge ofthe effective crushing portion of said bowl, and means for drawing saidplate' downwardly against the upper edge of the mantle, and means fordelivering the material to be crushed to said plate, and for confiningsuch feed to said plate.

7. In a gyratory crusher, an upwardly conic crushing head and means forgyrating it, and a means fordrawing said plate downwardly against theupper edge of the mantle, including a plurality of bolts inscrewthreaded engagement with the head, and means for delivering thematerial to be crushed to said plate, and for confining such feed tosaid plate, said plate lying in the general plane of the upper edge ofthe effective crushing portion of said bowl.

8. In a gyratory Crusher, a crushing head and means for gyrating it,anda bowl surrounding said head, said head having a generally conic sideface, a mantle mounted upon said conic side face,

and means for holding said mantle in position upon said head, includinga plate overlying a portion of the upper edge of said mantle, and meansfor drawing said plate downwardly against the upper edge of the mantle,including a plurality of bolts in screwthreaded engagement with the/head, and unitary means for preventing rotation of said bolts, includinga locking plate apertured to conform to the shape of the heads of saidbolts, and means for delivering the material to be crushed to saidplate. f

9'. In a gyratory Crusher, an upwardly conic crushing head and means forgyrating it, and a. normally fixed bowl surrounding said head, acrushing portion therefor, the exterior surface of said head including aside portion corresponding generally to the form of a truncated cone,the head having agenerally level top surface bounded by the upper edgeof the. truncated cone and lying generally in the plane of the top ofthe effective crushing portion of said bowl, the diameter of the leveltop exceeding the height of the 'miv crushing zone between head andbowl, and means for delivering the material to be crushed to said leveltop surface, and for conning such feed to said plate.

10. In a gyratory crusher, an upwardly conic head including agenerally'conic crushing portion, a bowl including a crushing portionsurrounding and overhanging the conicy crushing portion of the head,said head being provided with a relatively flat top portion lyinggenerally in the plane of the upper edgeof the crushing portion of thebowl, and means for feeding the material to be crushed to said generallyflat top portion and for confining such feed thereto.

11. In a gyratory crusher, a normally fixed bowl, a crushing portiontherefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, the crushing portion of thebowl substantially overhanging said head, means for supportingv saidhead and means for moving said head in a circular direction to cause theaxis of the head to describe a cone the apex of which is above the topof the Crusher head, the head being provided with a generally flat toplying generally in the plane of the upper edge of the effective crushingportion of the bowl, and means for feeding material to the top of thehead. f

l2. In a gyratory Crusher, a normally fixed bowl, a crushing portiontherefor, an upwardly conic crushing head, the crushing portion of thebowl substantially overhanging said head, means for. supporting saidhead and means for moving vsaid head in a circular direction to causethe axis of the head to describe a cone the apex of which is above'thetop of the crusher head, the head being provided with a generally flattop plate lying generally in the plane of the upper `edge of theeffective crushing portion of the bowl,

a mantle overlying said cone, the upper edge of said mantle underlyingthe outer edge of said plate, means for drawing said plate downwardlytoward mantle and cone, and means for feedlng material to the top of thehead.

EDGAR B. SYMONS.

